peters



No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. P. GILL.

Apparatus for the Combustibn of Gases and Vapors.

No. 241,208. l Patented May I0, 1881.

N PETERS. PhnkoLilhogmpher. Washingtan, D. C.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. P. GILL.

Apparatus for the Combustion of Gases and Vapors.

Patented May 10, 188i.

liven/#2 N. PETERS, Phola Lithugmphen Washington, D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH P. GILL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

APPARATUS FOR THE COMBUSTION OF GASES AND VAPORS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 241,208, dated May 10,1881.

Application filed February 28, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOSEPH PEARSON GILL, ofthe State, county, and city of New York, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Apparatus for the Combustion of Gases and Vapors;and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription of theinvention, which will enable "others skilled in theart to which it pertains to make and use the same, reference being hadto the accompanying; drawings, and to the letters of reference markedthereon, which form part of this specification.

The nature of my invention consists in improvements in apparatus for thecombustion of gases and vaporsin aclose combustion-chamher, for heatin gdwellings and other buildings, furnaces, boilers, stoves, and ranges,which includes burners constructed for the purpose of combining gasesand vapors with air in definite and regulated proportions at the pointof combustion, independent automatically-operated pressure-regulators onthe gas and air supply pipes, by which the relative quantities of thegases and air are automatically maintained, the total quantity of gasand air used being varied at pleasure without suspending of work orchange of apparatus, and means for operating the same, of which thefollowingis a description, illustrated by the accompanying drawings.

The gases and vapors used by me are produced by means of the process andapparatus for which Patents Nos. 171,117 and 179,474 have been grantedto me, and others for which application has been made, or 1 may obtainthem in any other suitable manner; and I also use a heating apparatus,as shown in Patent No. 179,760, granted to me June 13, 1876, or make useof any other furnace constructed for heating purposes.

The burners employed by me for heating purposes are illustrated inFigures 1 to 4, the same letters being used to indicate similar parts.

Figs. 1 and represent a double burner, B, in which the flames are madeto impinge upon each other.

A is a gas-pipe, through which the gas passes for the supply oftheburner or burners.

D is a pipe through which air is forced by an air-pump.

O is the main air-pipe leading from the pump P, Fig. 5.

h h are branch pipes connecting the pipe D with the main pipe 0.

c in Figs. 1 and 2 is an outlet-pipe from D, situated below the tips I)of the burner B, through which outlet-pipe air is supplied and caused tomix with the gas as it escapes from the tips I).

f and g, Fig. 2, are outlet-pipes from D,which supply the neededquantity of air to the gasflame to insure perfect combustion, whichtakes place in a close chamber having an outlet for the products ofcombustion.

Figs. 3 and 4 represent a burner similar to a Bunsen burner, 0 being thecylinder or passage in which the gas escapiu g from the burner B ismixed with air entering through the holes (I d, the air being suppliedto the holes through the pipe D.

f and g are the outlet-pipes, which supply the requisite quantity of airto the flame at the top of the cylinder 0 for the perfect commin glingand combustion of the gas, as above mentioned.

The apparatus shown on Figs. 3 and 4 may be composed of fire-brick orany similar material to better enable it to withstand heat.

On Fig. 5, P is a rotary pump for supplying the gas to the burners B Bin the furnace A for heating purposes.

G is a compensator on the pump, consisting of a float in a tank and avalve, V, in the pipe H, connecting the tank with the pump. The float isoperated by the pressure of the gas in the outlet-pipe 0 through thepipe 8. \Vhen the gas is supplied in excess and the pressure in the pipe0 is increased above the point fixed by the weights on the float in G,the float is raised and the valveV is opened wider, allowing a largerreturn of the gas through the pipe t, valve V,and pipe to to theinlet-pipe E of the pump. pipe 0 falls below the normal limit the floatin G falls and the valve V partially closes, and a smaller quantity ofgas returns to the inlet of thepump. By this means a uniform pressureand regulated supply of gas is maintained I00 When the pressure in theoutlet- 5 in the pipe 0 and at the burners B B in the furnace A.

R is the register to record the number of revolutions of the pump, bywhich the quantity of gas passed is made known.

D is the engine for working the pump.

M is a meter for recording the quantity of gas used.

0 is a pipe leading from the inlet I of the meterto the inletE ofthepump, through which the gas passes without passing through the meterwhen desired.

F is a pipe leading from the outlet J of the meter to the outlet-pipe Oof the pump, by which means the gas may be used without passing throughthe pump.

P is a similar rotary pump for supplying air instead of gas to theburners B B in the furnace A, the air being used for the purpose andsubstantially in the manner stated in the description ot'said burnershereinbefore given, the door of the ash-pit being closed to prevent theadmission of air in any other manner.

G is the compensator on the pump, which is operated by the pressure ofthe air in the outlet-pipe O of the pump.

It is the register.

D is the engine for working the pump; M the meter for recording thequantity of air passed. The air may by-pass the meter through the pipe0, or may bypass the pump through the pipe F, or it may by-pass bothmeter and pump through the pipe 0 K F.

B B are burners in furnace A, similar to those hereinbefore describedfor heating purposes.

With suitable connections, such as the connecting-belt at Y betweenrevolving parts, one of the engines D D may be dispensed with.

By means of the independent automaticallyregulated supply devices P P, Ivary the relative quantities of the gases and air at will by changingthe weights or their equivalents on the compensators G and G, thusincreasing or diminishing the quantity of gas or air, respectively, andthe relative proportion having been adjusted, that proportionisthereafter automatically maintained, notwithstanding any variations inthe speed of the engine or in the number of burners used, and at thesame time the total quantity of gas and air used may be varied atpleasure by adding to or removing simultaneously equal weights from thecompensators, these changes being made without any interruption of thework. Thus by these independent automatic devices any definite relativeproportion of gas and air required by v the object to be attained isobtained and maintained with ease and certainty.

When the gas-pump P is not used I attach to the gas-pipe O a governor,T, which is connected with the air-pump P by a suitable connection, asat t.

By changing the weights or their equh'alents on the compensator G, andby adjusting the balls or their equivalent on the governor T, I vary atwill the relative proportion between the gas and air used, which isthereafter automatically maintained, as hereinbefore described.

I also attach to the gas-supp] y pipe an automatic regulating device, U,and valve 6, by means of which the quantity of gas supplied is regulatedand automatically maintained.

The admission of air through the pipe 0, I also regulate, without theuse of the pump P, by means of the automatic regulator R, attach ed tothe air-supp] y pipe 0, and a pressure or vacuum gage, L, the draft ofthe chimney or stack being the motix e power. This regulator consists ofa float, G, in a tank, valve V, and weight 10, Fig. 6. When the draft isin excess the float G drops, partially closing the valve V, and thuspreventing too large a supply of air to the burners B. Should the draftfall below the required point, as shown by the pressure-gage L, theweight 10 causes the float to rise and the valve to open more widely,thus allowing a larger supply of air to enter the pipe 0. Any othersuitable governor that will admit a larger supply of air as the draftdiminishes and reduce the supply as the draftincreases, so as tomaintain a uniform supply, may be used.

The pressure is regulated by weights w, or a spring or other suitabledevice. This regulator is attached to the inlet-pipe O at the points qand q in Fig. 5. When the pressure in the pipe 0 and'the size of thepipe are known, thequantity of air passing is also known. A meter, as atM, may also be used to register the quantity of air passed. By adjustingthe weights or their equivalent on the regulator U, attached to thegas-supply pipe, and the weights w on the regulating device It, attachedto the air-supply pipe, the relative quantity of the gas and air isregulated at pleasure, which is thereafter automatically maintained bythe action of the two regulating devices.

When the automatically-regulated supplypump P is used and the pump P isomitted, the regulating apparatus It" on the air-supply pipe is used byadjusting the compensator at G and the weights 10 at G, the relativesupply of gas and air being regulated at pleasure and thereafterautomatically maintained.

In all cases in the use of these several different automatic regulatingdevices, while the adjusted relative quantities of the gas and air areautomatically maintained, the total quantity used may be varied atpleasure by adding to or removingfrom them simultaneously equal weights,or by simultaneously adjusting their equivalents, the changes being eflected without interruption of the work or removing or replacing any partof the apparatus or interfering with the motor. As difl'erent kinds ofgas and vapor of different densities require different quantities of airfor their combustion and treatment, the combination of regulating asherein described, is

devices, substantially km i requisite, and enables the combination ofmaterials to be made effectively and without delay. The practical resultof this method is a perfect and unfailing combustion of the combinedmaterials without smoke deposits and obstructions, giving the fullcalorific power of which the materials used are capable, and also thepower to vary the quality of the flame to suit the heating purposesrequired.

I am'aware that many devices are known to the art for the purpose ofcombining gases and vapors and air in order to obtain better results inheating; but the apparatus thus far shown fails to give the power toaccomplish in a practical manner the objects named, nor has there beenshown an effective system of devices for automatically andsimultaneously regulating the relative and total quantities of the gasand vapor and air used, and also capable of adjustmentfor varying theair and gas supply at will and hence to produce these results thenecessity has continued to exist for the method and apparatus hereinpresented, which is easily managed, and is automatic in use and certaini in operation.

1 do not here claim the special regulators and compensators and forcingdevices herein described, these and other matters described in thisspecification being the subject-matter of other applications now pendingin the Patent Office; but

What I do claim, Letters Patent, is-

1. In combination, a close combustion-chamber, an air and gas mixingburner, an air-pipe and a gas-pipe, each having means for varying itscapacity of supply at will, and an independent automatically-operatedpressure-regulator, whereby the relative supply of air and gas can beadjusted and automatically maintained, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, as herein described, whereby the air for combustionis wholly supplied, of a combustion-chamber, an air-pipe provided withvalves, a pressure-gage, an automatic regulator, and a meter,substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, as herein described, whereby the air for combustionis wholly supplied, of a combustion-chamber, an air-pipe provided withvalves, a pressure-gage, an automatic regulator, a meter, and bypass,substantially as set forth.

4. The combination of a burner, a gas-pipe provided with anautomatically-regulated forcing device, an air-pipe provided with anautomatically-regulated forcin g device, meters, and by-passes,substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of a burner, a gas-pipe provided with anautomatically-regulated forein g device and an engine, an air-pipeprovided with an automatically-regulated forcing device and an engine,meters, and by-passes, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination of a burner, gas and air supply tubes, anautomatically-regulated airand desire to secure by forcing device, anautomatically-regulated air- I forcing device, connecting-belt Y,meters, and bypasses, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination of a burner, gas and air supply pipes, anautomatically-regulated gasforcing device, an automatic air-regulatingdevice, meters, and by-passes, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination of a burner, gas and air supply pipes, an automaticgas-regulating device, an automatic air-regulating device, meters, andby-passes, substantially as set forth.

10. In an apparatusfor heatin gd \vellin gs and other buildings,furnaces, stoves, and ranges, the combination of furnace A, burners B,pipe 0, pressuregage L, and automatic regulating device R, for thepurpose of regulating in a natural draft the supply of air to burnersfor heating, meter, and bypass, constructed and connected substantiallyin the manner herein described and set forth.

11. In an apparatus for heating purposes, the combination of furnace A,burners B, airpump P, gas-pump P, connecting-belt Y, compensators G andG, registers R and R, me-

ters M and M, and by-passes O F K and (1 F K, constructed and connectedsubstantially in the manner herein described and set forth.

12. In an apparatus for heating purposes, the combination of furnace A,burners B, airpump P, compensator G, pipe 0, governor T, connection t,meters M and M, and bypass O and O, constructed and connectedsubstantially in the manner herein described and set forth.

13. In an apparatus for heating purposes, the combination of furnace A,burners B, airpump P, compensator G, pipe 0, governor T, connection 15,register R, and by-pass F, meters M and M, and by-passes G and 0,constructed and connected substantially in the manner herein describedand set forth.

14. In an apparatus for heating purposes, the combination of furnace A,burners B, pipe 0, pressure-gage L, automatic regulating device R,by-pass G, and meter M, for the purpose of regulating in a natural draftthe supply of air to burners for heating, constructed and connectedsubstantially in the manner herein described and set forth.

15. In an apparatus for heating purposes, the combination of furnace A,burner B, gaspipe 0, gaspump P, compensator G, air-pipe 0, pressure-gageL, automatic regulating device R, meters M and M, and by-passes O and O,substantially as set forth.

16. In an apparatus for heating purposes, the combination of furnace A,burner B, pipes O O, pressure-gage L, automatic regulating air device R,automatic regulator U, meters M and M, and by-passes O and O,constructed IIO and connected substantially in the manner hereindescribed, and for the purpose set forth.

17. In an apparatus for heating purposes, a burner for the purpose ofcombining gas an vapor and air for combustion, composed of the followingparts: a hollow gas tube or pipe having for an outlet a smalldischarge-pipe,13, situated in a cylinder or passage-way, c, in whichair is commingled with the gas, air pipes or conduit D, connected withan air-supply pipe, 0, to supply air to the cylinder 0 through the holes(I, and also having branch pipes or conduits f and g,for the purpose ofdischarging the air required for the perfect combustion of the commingled gas and air at the outlet of the cylinder 0, constructedsubstantially in the manner herein described, and for the purpose setforth.

18. In an apparatus for heating purposes, the combination of a furnace,A, burners B, gas-pipe O, gas-pump I, compensator G, register R, engineD, governor T, regulator U, and valve i, meter M, by-passes O K F,airpipe 0, air-pump P, compensator G, register It, engine D,connecting-beltsY and t, pressure-gage L, automatic regulating device R,meter M, and by-passes C K F, connected 1 and constructed substantiallyin the manner herein described, and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I aflix my signaturein presence of two witnesses.

JOSEPH PEARSON GILL.

Witnesses:

JOSEPH W. BEATLEY, Guns. Gr. HANKS.

